Assignment 5

Assignment 5
Jeff Hessburg
25 April 2017

Part I

For white population

There is a positive correlation with:

Median household income, number of manufacturing employees, number of retail employees, and number of finance employees. the correlation for median household income is lower than the others, but the sig. is still low enough to say there is a correlation. 

For black population

There is a negative correlation with:

Median household income, number of manufacturing employees, number of retail employees, and number of finance employees. None are very close to -1, but all sig. are low enough to reject the null hypothesis

For Hispanic population

there is a positive correlation with:

Number of retail employees, and number of finance employees. The retail relationship does not have a low enough sigs to say that there is a an actual correlation. 

There is a negative correlation with:

Median household income,  median household income, number of manufacturing employees

Part II

Introduction
For this assignment, the Texas Election Commission (TEC) wants analysis of the patterns of elections and Hispanic population in Texas. The specific data being analyzed is Hispanic population, percent of democratic votes for the 1980 presidential election, voter turnout for the 1980 presidential election, percent of democratic votes for the 2016 presidential election, and voter turnout for the 2016 election. The goal is to see if there there is spatial auto-correlation of voting results for each of the elections as well as voter turnout. Also TEC wants to know if clustering is present, perhaps with Hispanic populations.

Methodology
To analyze the data, the excel sheets that contained all of the information about the Hispanic population and voter data had to retrieved off of the Census Website. Then they had to be minor edited, and added to ArcMap. The tables must be joined together with a shape-file of Texas. This is because, Geoda, the program that runs spatial auto-correlation analysis can only to the analysis with shape-files. The Geoda program will give the results wanted. The program will provide Moran's I scatter plots and LISA cluster maps for all of the data.

Results

Percent Hispanic Population

These result shows, with high correlation, that, generally, Hispanic populations are clustered together. 

Percent Democratic Votes for 1980 Election

These results show the clustering of democratic votes (red) and clustering of non-democratic votes (blue). The Moran I scatter plot shows there is a fairly strong correlation between location and voting patterns. 

Voter Turnout for 1980 Election

These results show where the high voter turnout is (red) and low voter turnout (blue). 

Percent Democratic Votes for 2016 Election

These results show the clustering of democratic votes (red) and clustering of non-democratic votes (blue). The Moran I scatter plot shows there is a fairly strong correlation between location and voting patterns. It can be noted that is a difference in these results and the 1980 results. 

Voter Turnout for 2016 Election

These results show where the high voter turnout is (red) and low voter turnout (blue). 

Conclusion
   These results show that there is clear clustering of democratic voting. It tends to be primarily in the southern parts of the state. from 1980 to 2016 democratic voting clusters have gone from the eastern part of the state to the west. This is similar with the non-democratic votes. they have always been in the north, but moved east to west.
   The results also highlight voter turnout. According to the maps, voter turnout is very low in the southern parts of the states, and higher in the northern parts, the patterns are similar from 1980 to 2016, except in 2016 there is a new cluster of low voting in the northwestern part of the state.
   The first part of the results shows where there are clusters of Hispanic populations. These are in the south and southwest parts of the states. This makes sense because this is where Mexico boarders Texas. Analyzing the maps, it is evident that democratic votes corresponds to Hispanic population. It also seems like there may be some relationship between low voter turnout and Hispanic populations.